If you go into a google doc and click (top right hand corner) the "shares" button, you can publish it as a webpage and anyone can see it

with sharing only a URL. If you want to give people access to edit, you invite them via their email addresses.

btw: I introduced you out, so be sure to friend the folks saying hey. They'll also offer you some tips for success, such as posting that

you're an educator. You click "edit" next to Profile, top left hand corner of this page. Doesn't have to be elaborate.