本影片涵蓋三種不同閱讀方式：
How to Read for Class
How to Read for Retention
How to Read for Research

為課程而讀、為記憶而讀、為研究而讀

First, we'll begin with the most applicable lesson for students across fields, which is how to read and take notes for class. At the beginning of a new term, it's important to read through your syllabi and determine which readings are the most pertinent to your long-term goals in research.

首先，我們將從最適用於跨領域學生的課程開始，即如何閱讀並作課堂筆記。新學期開始，重要的是閱讀你的教學大綱，並確定哪些文本和你的長期研究目標最直接相關。
- applicable (a) affecting or relating to a person or thing
- pertinent (a) 有關的，直接相關的（relating directly to the subject being considered）

At the beginning of each week, go to the index of your books and readings to determine the structure and which chapters you may want to pay attention to the most.

每週開始時，查看書和讀物的目錄，以確定結構和哪一章節你最需要關注。

From there, I set up my class notes. For my class notes, I use none other than the versatile and best organization app on the market, Notion. For this, I break my notes into three primary sections: major themes, scholarship, and questions.

從那裡，我開始整理我的課堂筆記。我使用市場上最多功能且最佳的組織應用軟體——Notion。為此，我將筆記分成三個主要部份：主題、學術研究和問題。

- versatile (a) 多種用途的（able to change easily from one activity to another or able to be used for many different purposes）

After years of taking inefficient notes on all the quotes and nitty-gritty information in my readings, I soon found that having talking points and notes which helped jog my memory during class were so much more efficient.

在多年紀錄所有引用和瑣碎資訊的低效率筆記後，我很快發現能夠在課堂上幫我喚起記憶的要點和筆記更有效率得多。
- inefficient (a) 低效率的
- nitty-gritty (a) 瑣碎的
- jog my memory 喚起我的記憶

One quick side note: attend office hours for exam-based courses so you're also reading based on the key takeaways they recommend to be a successful student.
一個快速的提示：參加考試課程的辦公時間，這樣你就可以根據他們推薦的重點內容來閱讀，以成為一名成功的學生。

How to Read for Retention

Unlike how you might read for class where key arguments and main points will get you by, reading for retention is all about long-term recall. The advice in this section is for students taking comprehensive exams, preparing for PhD admissions, or who want to master the literature for their research and as future educators.

不像你為上課而讀時，依靠主要論點和要點，為記憶而讀是關於長期回憶的。這一部分的建議是給正在參加綜合考試、準備攻讀博士學位或想要掌握相關文獻以支持其研究並成為未來的教育者的學生。

- retention (n) 保留、保持（the continued use, existence, or possession of something or someone）

One of the most important takeaways in this section is about active recall. Reading and taking notes alone will not help you remember all of the details of a text. Grab a friend, meet with your professors, or like me, grab a camera and start discussing what you've read.

Through teaching the subject to others and integrating your readings into research papers, you'll begin to establish long-term memory.

這一部分最重要的主要訊息之一是主動回憶。單靠閱讀和筆記並不能幫助你記住文本的所有細節。找個朋友、與教授見面，或像我一樣，拿起相機並開始討論你所讀的內容。通過向他人教導這個主題並將你的閱讀內容整合到研究論文中，你將開始建立長期記憶。

However, like learning a language, reading and the knowledge it produces must be practiced. So where your brain may be faulty, it's best to have a repository of notes.

然而，像學習語言一樣，閱讀及其產生的知識必須練習。因此，當你的大腦可能有缺陷時，最好有一個筆記庫。

- faulty (a) 有缺陷的、不完美的
- repository (n) 倉庫（a place where things are stored and can be found）

Lesson 2.1: Note Taking for Diligent Students

Begin by setting up your notes on Notion with the following headers: main argument, supporting arguments, subjects and sites, sources, methods, scholarly debate, terms of themes, questions, and notes.

首先，在Notion上設置你的筆記，使用以下標題：主要論點、支持論點、主題和地點、來源、方法、學術辯論、主題詞、問題和筆記。

While your notes may be more extensive, the three most important features of retention when thinking about academic articles or books are the main argument, how the argument was supported with evidence, and who that argument is in conversation with.

雖然你的筆記可能更詳細，但在考慮學術文章或書籍時，保持記憶的三個最重要特點是：主要論點、該論點如何用證據支持、該論點與誰進行對話。

（嗚整理太久了，以下直接整理重點）

為記憶而讀
2.1課：筆記技巧
用以下標題開notion頁面：main argument, supporting arguments, subjects and sites, sources, methods, scholarly debate, terms of themes, questions, and notes.

2.2課：如何閱讀學術文章
閱讀序章並找到主要論點跟學術討論。
瀏覽中間部分，重點關注支持論點的舉例。
閱讀結論以總結主要發現。

2.3課：如何有效閱讀一本書
閱讀書的引言和結論以找到主要論點和學術討論。
瀏覽章節，重點關注前幾頁、每段的前三句話、最後幾頁。
使用目錄和關鍵詞快速找到相關部分。

為研究閱讀
策略1：縮小重點
只關注直接與你的計畫相關的章節和部分。
策略2：使用目錄和關鍵詞
創建一份關鍵詞列表，並使用目錄找到相關的頁面和部分。
策略3：高效率閱讀
快速閱讀並記錄對你的研究最有用的資訊，避免無關的內容。